It was the summer of 1965 and the University of Florida "Gators" football team was feeling the effects of the southern heat. It was so hot, not a single practice would go by without at least one player passing out from heat exhaustion. Desperate for a solution, Assistant Coach Dwayne Douglas and Head Coach Ray Graves made a special request to researchers at the school’s College of Medicine. They wanted to know what was causing the heat-related illnesses of athletes working in the hot climate. They didn’t know it then, but this simple request would eventually lead to the creation of the most commercially successful sports drink of all time.
This drink has proven to be a game-changer, generating $3.3 billion a year in revenue and becoming the official drink of numerous professional sports leagues including the NFL, NBA, MLB, NHL, MLS, and even Professional Volleyball. The University of Florida not only served as the birthplace of this incredible product but also continues to benefit financially from royalties related to the sale of their namesake beverage. It's a fascinating story of innovation and perseverance!
As anyone who has visited Florida in the summer will attest, it can be excruciatingly hot. The combination of high temperatures (often around 90-95°F) and extreme humidity makes it unbearable. Even if you’re not running around in heavy football gear, just walking a short distance can leave you drenched in sweat. This environment created a pressing need for a solution that could help athletes recover quickly and efficiently. After months of research, scientists, led by Dr. Robert Cade, uncovered that the reason players were passing out was due to the depletion of carbohydrates and electrolytes during practices.
Early versions of Gatorade were crafted from a simple mix of water, sodium, sugar, potassium, phosphate, and lemon juice. When tested by ten players during games and practices, the drink showed promising results. Initially dubbed "Cade’s Cola" and then "Cade’s Ade," it wasn't long before it evolved into the iconic name "Gatorade." The journey from a simple concoction to a market leader is remarkable!
Gatorade faced its first major test during the 1965 season in a game against the LSU Tigers, where temperatures peaked at a staggering 102 degrees. While LSU players struggled, the Gators thrived, prompting Coach Graves to request mass production of Gatorade for future games. This pivotal moment marked the beginning of a new era in sports nutrition. In 1967, Gatorade was credited with helping the Gators win their first Orange Bowl, proving its effectiveness and solidifying its place in sports history.
Following the Orange Bowl, Dr. Cade patented the formula and sought to commercialize Gatorade. Despite an initial offer to relinquish rights to the University of Florida for $10,000, the school declined. Subsequently, Dr. Cade partnered with Stokely-Van Camp, leading to a surge in sales as Gatorade became the official sports drink of the NFL.
As Gatorade gained national recognition, the University of Florida recognized its mistake in declining the rights. The Florida Board of Regents initiated a legal battle to reclaim their share, but Dr. Cade stood firm. After a lengthy three-year legal struggle, a settlement was reached in 1972 that granted the University a 20% stake in Gatorade profits, leading to the establishment of the Gatorade Trust.
In an interesting turn of events, after resolving the legal conflicts, the University invested a portion of its royalty check into kidney research, showcasing a commitment to health and science. Over the decades, Gatorade has flourished, with various ownership changes, including a significant acquisition by Quaker Oats in 1983 for $220 million and later by PepsiCo for $13 billion.
Today, Gatorade stands as a titan in the beverage industry, commanding over 80% of the sports drink market. The University of Florida has reaped substantial benefits from its 20% royalty stake, earning over $250 million in royalties since 1973. This financial windfall has allowed the university to invest in new research programs and initiatives.
Despite the wealth and success, the University still purchases Gatorade for its athletes, spending $60,000 annually for over 21,000 gallons. Dr. Robert Cade, who played a pivotal role in Gatorade's creation, lived a fulfilling life, dedicating his later years to education and philanthropy. His legacy lives on, with the families of the four doctors involved in Gatorade's invention earning approximately $600 million from various trusts.
In a fitting tribute, just months before his passing, Dr. Cade was inducted into the Florida Athletics Hall of Fame, where fellow professors celebrated by dumping a cooler of Gatorade over him, a moment that encapsulated his monumental contributions to sports and health.
| Name | Date of Birth | Profession | Notable Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Robert Cade | September 26, 1927 | Nephrologist | Inventor of Gatorade |
